How Mounjaro works in weight management and diabetes – explaining dual-action effects on GLP-1 and GIP receptors

Mounjaro, also known as tirzepatide, is a groundbreaking treatment approved by the MHRA for type 2 diabetes and weight management [1]. What sets it apart is its dual-action effect on two key hormones: GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide). This dual-targeting mechanism helps regulate blood sugar levels, reduce appetite and support weight loss. Here’s a closer look at how Mounjaro works to achieve these benefits. This information is for educational purposes and not a substitute for advice from a healthcare provider.

Key Takeaways

Mounjaro Targets Two Hormones for Better Results

Mounjaro works on GLP-1 and GIP hormones to manage blood sugar and reduce hunger, making it effective for type 2 diabetes and weight loss.

Supports Weight Loss and Diabetes Control

It lowers blood sugar by boosting insulin production and slowing glucose release while helping you feel full longer by reducing appetite and slowing digestion.

Future Developments Look Promising

New treatments, like Retatrutide, aim to improve on Mounjaro by targeting three pathways, offering even greater weight loss potential.

What are GLP-1 and GIP receptors?

GLP-1 and GIP are natural hormones in the body that play an important role in managing blood sugar and appetite:

• GLP-1: Helps the body produce insulin, slows digestion, and reduces hunger. [2]

• GIP: Enhances insulin release and works alongside GLP-1 to support blood sugar control and metabolism.

Mounjaro activates both GLP-1 and GIP receptors, amplifying the effects of these hormones to improve health outcomes.

How does Mounjaro work for diabetes management?

Mounjaro helps control blood sugar levels by:

• Increasing insulin production: It stimulates the pancreas to produce more insulin when blood sugar levels are high.

• Reducing sugar release: It signals the liver to release less glucose into the bloodstream.

• Improving insulin sensitivity: It helps the body use insulin more effectively, reducing overall blood sugar levels.

These effects make Mounjaro highly effective for managing type 2 diabetes, often improving HbA1c levels (a key marker of blood sugar control).

How does Mounjaro support weight management?

Mounjaro’s effects on GLP-1 and GIP receptors also make it a powerful tool for weight loss:

• Suppressing appetite: By acting on the brain’s hunger centres, Mounjaro helps reduce cravings and makes it easier to eat less.

• Slowing digestion: It slows how quickly food leaves the stomach, which helps people feel full for longer after eating.

• Reducing calorie intake: These combined effects naturally lead to lower calorie consumption, supporting gradual and sustainable weight loss when combined with healthier lifestyle choices.

Why is the dual-action mechanism unique?

Most diabetes or weight loss medications focus solely on GLP-1. Mounjaro’s ability to target both GLP-1 and GIP receptors sets it apart, making it more effective for some people. The dual-action mechanism provides enhanced appetite control, improved blood sugar management, and greater weight loss compared to GLP-1 medications alone.

Promising Signs For The Future: Tri-Receptor Weight Loss Medications

Tri-receptor weight loss drugs are a new class of treatments under development, designed to target three different pathways in the body to aid weight loss. These medications are expected to surpass the effectiveness of dual-receptor drugs like Mounjaro.

One of the most promising tri-receptor drugs is Retatrutide, developed by Eli Lilly. In clinical trials, Retatrutide achieved an impressive average weight loss of 17.5% within 24 weeks. Although still in the early stages, these results are highly encouraging. Comparative studies with existing treatments like Mounjaro and Wegovy are yet to be completed.

How Retatrutide Works

• Dual Action: Similar to Mounjaro, Retatrutide targets GLP-1 and GIP receptors, which are known to regulate blood sugar levels and reduce appetite.

• Additional Benefit: It also works on glucagon receptors, offering an added mechanism. Glucagon helps regulate blood sugar but, crucially, it also reduces hunger and enhances the feeling of fullness, further supporting weight loss efforts.

Tri-receptor medications like Retatrutide could be a breakthrough for those looking to manage their weight more effectively. These advancements highlight an exciting future for weight loss treatments.

How long does it take to see results?

Many people start noticing improvements in blood sugar control within weeks of starting Mounjaro. Weight loss results may take a bit longer, typically becoming noticeable after 1-2 months of consistent use. Your healthcare provider can provide more specific guidance based on your individual goals and health conditions.

Who can benefit from Mounjaro?

Mounjaro is suitable for adults with:

• Type 2 diabetes: Especially those who have not achieved adequate control with other treatments.

• Weight-related health conditions: Those with obesity or high BMI may benefit from appetite suppression and weight loss.

It’s important to speak with a healthcare provider to determine if Mounjaro is right for you.

Final thoughts

Mounjaro works by targeting both GLP-1 and GIP receptors, making it an innovative solution for managing type 2 diabetes and supporting weight loss. Its dual-action mechanism improves blood sugar control, suppresses appetite and promotes sustainable weight loss. If you’re considering Mounjaro, consult your doctor to discuss how it could help you achieve your health goals.

Beginner’s Guide to Mounjaro for Weight Loss

Discover everything you need to know about Mounjaro for weight loss in our beginner's guide. This in-depth guide explains how Mounjaro (Tirzepatide) works, whether it’s approved by the MHRA, who it’s suitable for, and much more. Learn how Mounjaro supports weight management and how it compares to other treatments like Wegovy. If you’re considering options to aid your weight loss journey, this guide provides expert insights to help you decide. Please note, all requests for Mounjaro supply are subject to an online clinical consultation and approval by a registered independent prescriber.

Disclaimer: This guide is for informational purposes only. Always consult a medical professional before starting any new medication.

References

[1] Four-dose Mounjaro “KwikPen” approved by MHRA for diabetes and weight management

[2] GLP-1 agonists | Diabetes UK